The Application of nanotechnology in criminology and forensic Sciences

Bisma Sher Ali

Abstract

Nanotechnology is a new discipline of research that has many advances. Due to their properties, nanostructures are involved in revealing many pieces of evidence and cases. Nanostructures play an important part in forensic study and criminology. It is evident that gold and silver nanostructures are greatly used in fingerprint detection. However different nano techniques are employed to detect trace materials from the crime scene. Fragmentation of DNA, amplification, and cooperation are taken place by using nanoparticles with the help of the PCR technique. Nanostructures can act as sensors for a variety of chemical and biological components, including explosives, according to contemporary studies on nanomaterial research and development. Nano-gold (Au-NPs), nano-silver, and nano-titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles along with capillary electrophoresis, SEM, TEM, and FTIR are used in forensic toxicology. Inculcation of nanostructures in saliva and nerve agent detection is also observed. In the realm of forensic science, nanotechnology is projected to play a significant role in the future by bringing more specialized and sensitive methods of case detection and revelation, as well as flawless evidence. In this review article, all the aspects where nanostructures are applied in forensic sciences are studied in detail.